Ben Horowitz
InvestorFounderCo-founder & General Partner at Andreessen Horowitz · Advisor at A.Capital Ventures · Board director at Anyscale · Board director at Databricks · Board Director (Andreessen Horowitz) at SignalFx
Las Vegas, NV
Writes $10M – $60M checks · typically $20M
FoundedOpsware
Midas 2012 · #20Midas 2013 · #17Midas 2014 · #20Midas 2015 · #25Midas 2016 · #41Midas 2017 · #47Midas 2018 · #68Midas 2019 · #73Midas 2020 · #4Midas 2021 · #38Midas 2022 · #87Midas 2023 · #73Midas 2024 · #37Midas 2025 · #33Midas 2026 · #27
Photo: TechCrunch, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons ↗
About
Ben Horowitz ran Loudcloud and Opsware through the dot-com crash and sold the company to HP for $1.6 billion before co-founding Andreessen Horowitz in 2009. He led the firm's investments in companies such as Okta, Databricks, and Nicira, and writes about management with a signature habit of opening chapters with rap lyrics. His two books on leadership and company culture are staples of startup reading lists.
Contact· published on Ben's own website
Likely email· guessed from name + firm domain, not firm-published
- b•••@a16z.comreveal75% confident
Invests in
AI & Machine LearningBiotechConsumerCreator EconomyCrypto & Web3CybersecurityData & InfrastructureDefense TechDeveloper ToolsEnterprise SoftwareFintechMarketplaces
Beyond investing
- Founded
- Horowitz co-founded and served as president and CEO of the enterprise software company Opsware, which Hewlett-Packard acquired in 2007. Horowitz co-founded Loudcloud in September 1999 with Marc Andreessen, Tim Howes, and In Sik Rhee. Horowitz and Andreessen launched a16z in July 2009 with a $300 million first fund and a service organization modeled partly on talent agencies. Horowitz's operating scars informed recruiting, executive, marketing and board support for founders.
- Education
- Studied at Columbia University (BA, computer science, 1988) Studied at University of California, Los Angeles (MS, computer science, 1990) Studied at Berkeley High School
- Charities
- The Horowitz Family Foundation made a $1 million Stanford Medicine gift for COVID-19 testing, prevention and research in California prisons. Felicia Horowitz is publicly identified as founder/CEO and should receive operational attribution; joint family funding does not make every program Ben's personal initiative.
- Communities
- Horowitz created the a16z Cultural Leadership Fund to connect cultural leaders to technology companies and enable more young African Americans to enter the technology industry. Horowitz and Chris Lyons announced CLF in 2018 with exclusively Black cultural-leader limited partners; its stated goals are portfolio collaboration, Black participation and wealth creation in technology, with all management fees and carry donated to aligned nonprofits. Lyons raised and leads the fund, so it is not a Horowitz-only program.
- Awards
- Horowitz received the John Jay Award. UCLA's institutional biography records No. 6 on Vanity Fair's 2011 New Establishment list, No. 1 on CNET's 2011 influential-investors list and No. 21 on the 2012 Forbes Midas List. TheFunded separately named him 2011's Most Disruptive investor based on entrepreneur ratings and committee selection.
- Family
- Horowitz married Felicia Wiley in 1988 and they have three children; he is the son of writer David Horowitz.
- More
- Reputable public profiles place Horowitz's birth in London in 1966 and upbringing in Berkeley in a politically engaged Jewish family. Public secondary pages disagree on the exact day and month, so the year only is retained. Columbia and UCLA records support a 1988 B.A. and 1990 M.S., both in computer science. His pre-Netscape work included technology and product-marketing roles before he joined Netscape in July 1995. At Netscape he ran product divisions and the directory/security line; at AOL he led the e-commerce platform and Shop@AOL. These were executive operating roles, not founder roles. Loudcloud went public in March 2001 amid the dot-com collapse. Horowitz's first-person account treats the period as a near-death operating experience; the IPO was financing, not a clean founder exit. In August 2002 Loudcloud sold its managed-services business to EDS for $63.5 million cash, retained its automation software, secured a three-year minimum $52 million license arrangement and changed its name and ticker to Opsware/OPSW. The transaction transferred the existing revenue base and concentrated near-term dependence on EDS, making the pivot unusually risky. HP announced a $14.25-per-share cash offer with approximately $1.6 billion enterprise value in July 2007 and closed in September. The value belongs to the company transaction and is not Horowitz's personal proceeds. Horowitz's 2010 signed thesis called Okta a founder-first bet on cloud-native identity and a $10-$20 billion combined identity/management market. He joined the board in February 2010, served as lead independent director, saw the company through its 2017 IPO and resigned in June 2025 without disagreement. Direct governance attribution covers Databricks, Lyft, Okta and Navan. Lyft went public in 2019 and Horowitz left its board in 2020; Navan went public in 2025 and retained him as lead independent director. Databricks remains private, so reported valuations are not exits or realized returns. a16z invested in Jawbone and Horowitz publicly praised its capabilities; Reuters reported liquidation after total financing near $900 million and a peak $3.2 billion valuation. This is a firm-backed loss with strong Horowitz relationship evidence, but exact vehicle checks and his formal board dates remain unverified here. Older institutional biographies listed Horowitz on Caffeine's board, while the current a16z profile does not. The live-streaming company later shut down after raising substantial capital. This is a failed board-linked investment, but exact losses and Horowitz's departure date remain unresolved. Horowitz announced a16z's investment and his board seat in 2019. The company later pivoted and changed leadership; current a16z profile no longer lists the board. No reliable completed exit or final return was established. Horowitz argues that CEOs must expose bad news, use constructive confrontation, distinguish peacetime from wartime leadership and encode culture in repeated actions rather than slogans. These are influential prescriptions drawn from his experience, not universal management rules. Horowitz and Andreessen supported pro-Trump efforts around a stated 'Little Tech' agenda focused on AI, crypto, taxes and regulation. Months later Ben and Felicia Horowitz said they would make a significant donation to entities supporting Harris-Walz because of a decade-long friendship with Harris, while saying a16z's technology-policy position had not changed. Horowitz publicly favors open-source AI, crypto and lighter startup regulation while a16z manages major AI and crypto portfolios. The overlap creates an economic-interest and access concern that should be disclosed; it does not by itself prove improper influence or invalidate the policy arguments.
Mentioned above: the Columbia University mafia → · the UCLA mafia → · the Databricks mafia →
From Ben's own website — common ground for a warm intro.
Board director at Anyscale
Intro paths
In turn, Ben can intro founders to Anyscale's investors below.
Anyscale's investors · 9
Co-founders at Anyscale

Board director at Databricks
Intro paths
In turn, Ben can intro founders to Databricks's investors below.
Databricks's investors · 78
Co-founders at Databricks





Board Director (Andreessen Horowitz) at SignalFx
Intro paths
In turn, Ben can intro founders to SignalFx's investors below.
SignalFx's investors · 5
Co-founders at SignalFx
Experience
- Andreessen HorowitzHorowitzcurrent2009 — present
- Hewlett-PackardVice President and General Manager2007 — 2008
- Opsware Inc.President and CEO1999 — 2007
- Opsware Inc.CEO1999 — 2007
Deals · 2
DatabricksQuoted
via Andreessen Horowitz · filed Sep 2025
AnyscaleQuoted
via Andreessen Horowitz · filed Aug 2019
Attribution from SEC filings, press coverage, and firm rosters.
Other disclosed investments
Investor
Airbnb, GitHub, Coinbase, Oculus, Skype and other marquee a16z companiesCaffeineCrestaCultural Leadership Fund portfolioJawboneLyftMarkhorMayvennNationBuilderOktaSisu DataTripactionsUnitedMasters
Per curated public sources.
Controversies & responses
Where Ben has drawn public criticism — with what happened, their response, and the criticism itself, side by side.
▶Databricks-Fivetran interlock inquiry remained unresolved2025
- What happened
- Reporting said the Justice Department examined whether a16z partner board seats at Databricks and Fivetran could violate Clayton Act restrictions on interlocking directorates. Horowitz serves at Databricks while Martin Casado was associated with Fivetran. No final agency decision or finding of Horowitz wrongdoing was reported in the reviewed evidence.
Founder fit — who Ben backs
Best fit is a technically or operationally credible founder pursuing a giant category opened by an architectural shift, with unusual product insight, recruiting power, market knowledge and willingness to face bad news. Horowitz has repeatedly favored founders he knows from prior operating networks, domain experts, repeat founders and teams commercializing hard infrastructure or transforming culturally important markets. He appears especially useful to CEOs navigating executive hiring, enterprise go-to-market, board conflict, layoffs, strategic pivots, culture design and near-death conditions. His current and signed portfolio suggests fit across cloud identity, data/AI infrastructure, distributed systems, enterprise workflows, politics/civic software, creator economics, Black consumer markets, music and industrial robotics.
Likely weak fits include small markets, incremental products that simply port an old architecture, founders who hide bad news, slogan-heavy cultures without behavioral mechanisms, companies unable to recruit missing expertise, and plans dependent on regulatory arbitrage or valuation momentum rather than durable customer value. Jawbone and Caffeine show that famous investors, large financing totals and cultural visibility do not cure weak execution or network effects. Political alignment is not a documented requirement and should not be inferred from Horowitz's 2024 activity.
How to pitch
Start with why this founder is uniquely equipped, then show the platform shift, why the market becomes enormous, and what has changed technically or behaviorally. Demonstrate customer evidence, architecture, recruiting strength, distribution and the hard decisions already made. Explain which a16z vehicle and specialist fit the round; do not assume Horowitz personally leads every a16z investment. If seeking his involvement, specify the CEO, culture, enterprise scaling, board or crisis problem where his operating experience matters. Address competition, burn, valuation, governance, regulation, safety and failure modes directly. For AI, crypto or physical-world companies, distinguish policy hopes from product economics and prove a legitimate customer-driven right to operate.
Stages: seed and early venture, Series A and Series B, growth and late-stage through a16z vehicles, public-company and private-company board governance, specialized Cultural Leadership Fund co-investment, historical founder-company financing and turnaround · Sectors: enterprise software, cloud identity and security, data infrastructure and analytics, AI and distributed computing, developer and open-source infrastructure, corporate travel and fintech workflows, consumer marketplaces, creator economy, music and media, civic and political technology, Black consumer and cultural markets, industrial AI and robotics, physical-world services, crypto and web3 at firm-policy level, American dynamism and technology policy
Editorial inference from Ben's portfolio, writing and public record — not a published mandate.
Investment themes
11 documented themes from Ben's essays, talks and portfolio, grouped by what they say about founders.
▶Founders & company building1
The investment thesis starts with the entrepreneur2010
Horowitz's Okta essay explicitly starts with Todd McKinnon's domain expertise and management ability before architecture and market size.
For founders: Lead with earned founder advantage and evidence of exceptional execution, not a generic market slide.
▶More themes8
Architectural difference creates startup opportunity2010
Cloud-native architecture, distributed computing and now industrial AI recur as opportunities where old products cannot simply be moved unchanged.
For founders: Show what becomes newly possible and why incumbents' architecture or incentives prevent adaptation.
Bad news must travel fast2010
CEOs build trust and problem-solving capacity by exposing negative reality rather than projecting false optimism.
For founders: Discuss misses, risks and corrective mechanisms without waiting for the investor to discover them.
Wartime leadership differs from peacetime leadership2011
His operating framework argues that existential threats require tighter direction, focus and tolerance for imperfect choices than expansion periods.
For founders: Diagnose the company's mode and explain how decision rights, priorities and communication adapt.
Culture is what people repeatedly do2019
Values become culture only through specific behaviors, incentives and leader examples; historical case studies in his second book illustrate both constructive and morally fraught cultures.
For founders: Translate each claimed value into hiring, meeting, compensation, customer and crisis behavior.
Trusted experts can reorganize broken markets2015
Mayvenn's stylist channel embodies a broader interest in giving domain experts inventory-light commerce and income leverage.
For founders: Identify who customers already trust and how software improves that participant's economics.
Convert cultural capital into ownership and data2017
UnitedMasters and CLF connect artists and Black cultural leaders to technology ownership, direct audience relationships and cap tables.
For founders: Show credible cultural relationships, creator economics, data ownership and equitable value distribution.
Industrial AI should multiply human productivity2026
The Atoms thesis argues specialized robots will transform movement, storage and production while productive people remain the limiting factor. Labor-displacement critics dispute the optimism.
For founders: Demonstrate deployment economics, human role, safety, social license and customer indispensability.
Little Tech became explicit political advocacy2024
Horowitz and Andreessen tied startup formation to positions on AI, crypto, taxes and regulation and supported candidates accordingly. The firm's economic exposure requires conflict-aware interpretation.
For founders: Treat regulation as a transparent dependency and maintain a compliant business case under multiple political outcomes.
▶AI & media1
Open and distributed AI infrastructure matters strategically2019
Anyscale's Ray thesis and later public advocacy connect accessible distributed compute with open-source AI and American competitiveness. These strategic claims are contested by safety, security and concentration concerns.
For founders: Prove developer adoption and commercialization while addressing model safety, misuse, export and governance risks.
▶Governance & network states1
Boards matter most in hard decisions2009
Horowitz frames board work as active CEO assistance in hiring, crisis, strategy and accountability; public lead-independent roles at Okta and Navan provide governance evidence.
For founders: Clarify board information flow, conflicts, reserved matters and how disagreement will be handled before financing.
Books by Ben Horowitz
Podcasts & interviews
featuring Ben HorowitzSecrets of Being a Wartime CEO | Ben Horowitz, Andreessen Horowitz Cofounder
Summation with Auren Hoffman
AI & the Crypto Revolution: Andreessen Horowitz Cofounder Ben Horowitz #a16z
Summation with Auren Hoffman
Ben Horowitz on Raising a New Fund and How Venture Firms Scale
Andreessen Horowitz / Uncapped · a16z.com
Ben Horowitz On What Makes a Great Founder
Andreessen Horowitz / Sequoia Capital · a16z.com
Venture Capitalist Ben Horowitz to Make Significant Donation for Harris
Reuters · reuters.com
Why Ben and Felicia Horowitz Made a Shocking Political U-turn
The San Francisco Standard · sfstandard.com
Writing
Co-authored Atoms investment announcement articulating industrial AI, specialized robotics, social license, productivity and repeat-founder ambition.
Leadership book arguing that culture is encoded in action, using historical leaders whose methods require moral and contextual scrutiny rather than imitation wholesale.
Co-authored with Chris Lyons; defines CLF's Black cultural-leader LP model and charitable disposition of fees and carry.
Mayvenn thesis on trusted-expert distribution, hair-supply-chain dysfunction and stylist economic empowerment.
First-person operating book on CEO psychology, layoffs, executive hiring, wartime leadership, pivots and survival, grounded substantially in Loudcloud/Opsware.
Okta investment thesis centered on founder expertise, cloud-native architecture and convergence of identity and systems management.
1 more post
- CEOs Should Tell It Like It Is2010-07-02
Colleagues at Andreessen Horowitz
Network9
Investors connected to Ben in public investor directories — a warm-intro map.
Frequently asked questions
- Who is Ben Horowitz?
- He is Benjamin Abraham Horowitz, a computer scientist by education, former Netscape/AOL executive, co-founder and CEO of Loudcloud/Opsware, co-founder and general partner of Andreessen Horowitz, director and author.
- What did he study?
- He earned a B.A. in computer science from Columbia in 1988 and an M.S. in computer science from UCLA in 1990.
- What happened at Loudcloud and Opsware?
- Loudcloud went public in 2001, then sold its managed-services business to EDS for $63.5 million in 2002 and became Opsware, an automation-software company. HP acquired Opsware for approximately $1.6 billion in 2007. Transaction values are not Horowitz's personal proceeds.
- Why did he co-found a16z?
- Horowitz and Andreessen believed venture capital should be a better product for entrepreneurs, combining investment judgment with recruiting, marketing, executive and operating support informed by founder experience.
- Which current investments are most directly attributable to him?
- Current official board evidence supports Anyscale, Databricks, Mayvenn, NationBuilder, Navan and UnitedMasters; his July 2026 signed Atoms announcement adds a new board relationship. Signed theses provide especially strong attribution for Anyscale, Mayvenn, Navan, UnitedMasters and Atoms.
- Did he lead every famous a16z investment?
- No. The official investment list covers a16z-managed vehicles and does not assign partner sourcing. Airbnb, GitHub, Coinbase, Oculus, Skype and other famous firm outcomes should not be attributed to Horowitz without deal-specific evidence.
- What is his investment philosophy?
- His signed work starts with exceptional founders, then looks for large markets opened by architectural change, differentiated products, recruiting strength and durable distribution. His operating doctrine adds truth-telling, crisis resilience and culture expressed as behavior.
- How should a founder pitch him?
- Show why the founder is uniquely qualified, what technical or distribution shift creates a giant market, customer evidence, talent density and the hardest risks. Name the relevant a16z vehicle and explain where Horowitz's CEO or board experience is specifically useful.
- What are his clearest investment successes?
- Okta is the clearest early signed-thesis and board success. Lyft and Navan became public during or around his board service, while Databricks is a prominent still-private board company. Public listing and valuation are not identical to realized fund return.
- Which failures or mixed outcomes belong in the record?
- Jawbone liquidated after heavy financing and Caffeine shut down; both have meaningful Horowitz relationship or board evidence. Sisu's current outcome is unclear. Broader a16z losses are not personalized without evidence.
- What books did he write?
- The Hard Thing About Hard Things (2014) addresses CEO decisions under pressure; What You Do Is Who You Are (2019) addresses how leader behavior creates culture. a16z describes both as New York Times bestsellers.
- What is the Cultural Leadership Fund?
- CLF is an a16z vehicle created by Horowitz and Chris Lyons with Black cultural leaders as LPs. It co-invests in a16z portfolio companies and donates all management fees and carry to efforts advancing Black talent in technology; Lyons raised and leads it.
- What is known about his family and philanthropy?
- He and Felicia Horowitz have been married since 1988 and have three adult children. Felicia leads the Horowitz Family Foundation; Stanford documents its $1 million prison COVID-response gift. Private child identities and speculative wealth are excluded.
- What was his 2024 political activity?
- He supported pro-Trump efforts with Andreessen over AI, crypto, tax and startup policy, then he and Felicia announced significant support for Harris-Walz because of their longstanding friendship with Harris. He said a16z's technology-policy stance had not changed.
Paths to reach Ben
People who overlapped with Ben at the same organization — a shared school or employer with one of them is a warm way in.
Together at Andreessen HorowitzBen: Co-founder & General Partner
Together at FoursquareBen: Director (Andreessen Horowitz)
Founder mafias
Columbia University mafia200
Also came through, then founded or led a company.
+ 193 more
UCLA mafia127
Also came through, then founded or led a company.
+ 120 more
Andreessen Horowitz mafia48
Also came through, then founded or led a company.
+ 41 more
Databricks mafia23
Also came through, then founded or led a company.
+ 16 more
Foursquare mafia9
Also came through, then founded or led a company.
+ 2 more
Same school
Also attended UCLA499
+ 493 more
Also attended Columbia University726
+ 720 more
Shared employers
Also worked at Hewlett-Packard277
+ 271 more
Also worked at Opsware Inc.7
+ 1 more





















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