Relativity Space

Relativity Space Inc. is an American aerospace manufacturing and commercial spaceflight company headquartered in Long Beach, California, developing launch vehicles, rocket engines and associated manufacturing technologies for orbital launch services [3]. Its central approach combines additive manufacturing (metal 3D printing), artificial intelligence, proprietary software and autonomous robotics to reduce part count and compress build times; the company has said it can produce a rocket with roughly 100x fewer parts in under 60 days and has built what it describes as the world's largest metal 3D printers, branded Stargate [4][5]. Products listed include the Aeon 1 engine, the retired Terran 1 small-lift vehicle, and Terran R [3].

The company's first vehicle, Terran 1, was a two-stage, 110-foot (33.5 m) expendable rocket burning liquid methane and liquid oxygen, capable of up to 1,250 kg to low-inclination low Earth orbit and 900 kg to sun-synchronous orbit, with a three-meter payload fairing and a stated dedicated mission price of $12 million [4][6][7]. Terran 1 flew once, on March 22-23, 2023, from Cape Canaveral; it passed max-q and completed stage separation but an anomaly on the second stage prevented it from reaching orbit [3][4]. Relativity retired Terran 1 in April 2023 to focus on Terran R [3].

Terran R is a partially reusable medium-to-heavy-lift vehicle intended to serve satellite constellation and commercial launch markets. As currently marketed, it is quoted at 23,500 kg to LEO with downrange landing, 5,500 kg to GTO with downrange landing, and 33,500 kg to LEO in expendable configuration [0][2]. Earlier company material described a fully reusable, 216-foot, 16-foot-diameter vehicle with a 5 m fairing, seven Aeon R engines of 302,000 lb thrust each and an Aeon 1 vacuum upper-stage engine, capable of 20,000 kg to LEO [5]; a 2023 redesign moved to first-stage-only reuse, a mix of printed and conventionally manufactured parts, 13 Aeon R first-stage engines and one Aeon Vac second-stage engine, with a goal of more than 20 reusable flights per booster [7]. As of March 2025 the company targeted a first Terran R launch in late 2026 [3].